Do we know what we eat? By María Alanzabes León

WORKAHOLISM BY ZHIXIU CANO

SOCIAL NETWORKS ADDICTION BY ANA BELÉN GARCÍA FLORES

Drugs by Laura Vargas Adamuz

Addictions: Alcohol

Adictions from isasaorientadora

DRUGS: GAMBLING

Research by governments in Australia led to a universal definition for that country which appears to be the only research-based definition not to use diagnostic criteria: "Problem gambling is characterized by many difficulties in limiting money and/or time spent on gambling which leads to adverse consequences for the gambler, others, or for the community." The University of Maryland Medical Center defines pathological gambling as "being unable to resist impulses to gamble, which can lead to severe personal or social consequences".

Most other definitions of problem gambling can usually be simplified to any gambling that causes harm to the gambler or someone else in any way; however, these definitions are usually coupled with descriptions of the type of harm or the use of diagnostic criteria. The DSM-V has since reclassified Pathological Gambling as Gambling Disorder and has listed the disorder under Substance-related and Addictive Disorders rather than Impulse-Control Disorders. This is due to the symptomatology of the disorder resembling an addiction not dissimilar to that of substance-abuse. In order to be diagnosed, an individual must have at least four of the following symptoms in a 12-month period:

1. Needs to gamble with increasing amounts of money in order to achieve the desired excitement.
2. Is restless or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop gambling.
3. Has made repeated unsuccessful efforts to control, cut back, or stop gambling.
4. Is often preoccupied with gambling (e.g., having persistent thoughts of reliving past gambling experiences, handicapping or planning the next venture, thinking of ways to get money with which to gamble).
5. Often gambles when feeling distressed (e.g., helpless, guilty, anxious, depressed).
6. After losing money gambling, often returns another day to get even (“chasing” one’s losses).
7. Lies to conceal the extent of involvement with gambling.
8. Has jeopardized or lost a significant relationship, job, or educational or career opportunity because of gambling.
9. Relies on others to provide money to relieve desperate financial situations caused by gambling.

The gambling behavior must also not be better explained by a manic episode.

                                
Finally, we're going to see a video here

ADICTION TO VIDEO GAMES AND GAMBLING

ADDICTION

The word "addiction" is often used to refer to any behaviour that is out of control in some way. People often describe themselves as being addicted.

The word is also often used to explain the experience of withdrawal when a substance or behaviour is removed or discontinued.

However, the presence of enjoyment or experiencing withdrawal, in themselves, necessarily does not imply addiction.

According to Savage, addiction is a primary, chronic, neurobiologic disease, with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors. . . . It is characterized by behaviors that include one or more of the following: impaired control over drug use, compulsive use, continued use despite harm, and craving.

Is there a simple way to define addiction?

Another way of describing addiction is the presence of the 4 C's:

·        Craving

·        Loss of Control of amount or frequency of use

·        Compulsion to use

·        Use despite Consequences.

People with addictions may use a variety of defence mechanisms to deflect criticism or to minimize the perceived consequences of their substance use. Use of these defence mechanisms is referred to as "denial."

1.    VIDEO GAME ADDICTION

For most people, playing video games is a regular part of the day.  It becomes an addiction when it starts to interfere with a person's relationships or their pursuit of other goals, 

    

1.1  Why are video games addictive?

Video Games are seductive! They allow players to behave very differently from their normal persona and allow people who often feel powerless in their daily lives, suddenly have the ability to command armies, drive (and crash) cars, and wreak havoc on a virtual world with no real-life consequences. 

 

1.2 Why Video Game Addiction is harmful?

Recently Video Game Addiction has been recognized as an illness by the International Medical Community.

Here are some symptoms of game addiction=

• Most non-school hours are spent on the computer or playing video games
• Falling asleep in school
• Falling behind with assignments
• Worsening grades
• Lying about computer or video game use
• Choosing to use the computer or play video games, rather than see friends
• Dropping out of other social groups (clubs or sports)
• Being irritable when not playing a video game or being on the computer

There also are physical symptoms that may point to addiction:

• Carpal tunnel syndrome
• Sleep disturbances
• Backaches or neck aches
• Headaches
• Dry eyes
• Failure to eat regularly or neglecting personal hygiene

   GAMBLING ADDICTION

Gambling addiction, also known as compulsive gambling, is a type of impulse-control disorder. Compulsive gamblers can’t control the impulse to gamble, even when they know their gambling is hurting themselves or their loved ones. Gambling is all they can think about and all they want to do, no matter the consequences.

Gamblers can have a problem, however, without being totally out of control. Gambling Addiction is any gambling behavior that disrupts your life. If you’re preoccupied with gambling, spending more and more time and money on it, chasing losses, or gambling despite serious consequences, you have a gambling problem.

Now for finish we are going to watch this video.

DRUGS: BIG BOTTLE.

Hello, today I’m going to talk about one of the most consumed drugs in our society. Many people accompany their social activities with alcohol and it’s accepted as a pleasant support of relationships. This perception of alcohol has helped to extend their use, not only among adults but also among youth and teenagers, who start very early ages.

The main component of alcoholic drinks is ethanol, this is a central nervous system depressant and gradually numbs the brain and sensory functions.

It is sometimes mistaken for a stimulant because it initially produces euphoria and behavioral disinhibition. This is because that first affects the brain centers responsible for the self control, which leads to get carried away by the effects of the consumption of the substance.

Alcoholic drinks can be classified into two groups according to the preparation process: fermented drinks and distilled drinks.

Now, I’m going to talk about the big bottle in young people. The big bottle is group of people, generally young, that basically get together to drink alcohol. Each person puts some money in towards the drinks, they buy the alcohol and go somewhere to drink, laugh, and have fun.

They can be any size, from a couple of people to huge city wide events. Big bottle first started because of the exorbitant price of alcohol in bars and discos. It´s common to have a botellón before going out partying.

But the big bottle has some problems too. In the first place, neighbours living in the city centres complain because they cannot sleep due to the noise created and because they find their area full of rubbish the morning after.

The second problem is that under aged teenagers have access to alcohol because there is not anyone in the streets controlling what they drink.

Another big problem is that the streets are packed with drunk teenagers and this can bring about fights and acts of vandalism, which can, again, affect neighbours.

In my opinion, I think that the big bottle wouldn’t be a problem if young people controlled themselves drinking, without having so many problems with fights, vandalism, etc.

ADDICTIONS

ADDICTIONS

Today I'm going to talk about different types of addictions.

I'm going to start with the shopping addiction. First I want to say that not everybody who likes shopping and fashion is addicted to it. You're only addicted if you don't control anymore what you're buying. For example the people who buy a lot of things in the internet and they don't know anymore what they ordered and how much money they spent. Shopping addicted people have often not enough money to buy normal stuff like food or things that you really need to live. So keep calm because only because you love shopping you're not addicted.

   

The next addiction I'm going to talk about is the food addiction. When somebody is addicted to eating he/she thinks all the time about food and eating. This addiction is as dangerous for your body as anorexia, you can also die. The people who have this illness often don't feel when they have eaten enough.

 


The third addiction is the computer addiction and the last is the addiction to mobile phones. I put them together because I think that they are quite the same.

The computer addiction is when you are sitting in front of your computer all day long, a conclusion of this is often that you don't have friends because you're spending all your time in playing computer games. These people often get very aggressive if they lose in their games.

            

The people who are addicted to their mobile phones are spending all their time with their mobile phones and they often have no real friends, they don't go out and they sometimes have more than one mobile phone which they are using almost 24 hours a day.

          

If small kids like this boy on the picture are using mobile phones it can be the start of an addiction because they grow up with it and it's normal for them to use their mobile phones all the time.